Take Best Practices to Farmers in Rural Ghana

Ghana’s newest agricultural entrepreneurs - “agripreneurs” - were honored at a graduation ceremony last month in Nkawie, a small, rural community in central Ghana. After graduating from local agriculture university programs, Dennis Asante-Sagoe, who studied crop science, and Justice Amoka Sam, who graduated in general agriculture, completed one year immersed in technical training and business education through the Graduate Entrepreneur Program at Self-Help International. 

The Graduate Entrepreneur Program (GEP) works in tandem with the government's National Service program, which requires young people to serve in a non-profit or government space for one year. Often times, placements do not align with a person’s interests or skill-sets, so Self-Help has partnered with local institutions to recruit youth interested in agribusiness to serve and learn alongside staff agriculture specialists while simultaneously taking intensive courses related to business. 

The program aims to give recent graduates the practical experience, education and resources they need to start and run successful businesses in agriculture. 

Dennis and Justice shared some reflections on the year - read on to hear what they learned through the program. 

Teamwork and Project Design

As the first team of students to enter the program, we joined together to focus on one major project during our year long term. Urban Smart Agriculture was the name of the project and we produced cabbage, lettuce, bell pepper, cucumber, carrot, maize and raised meat rabbits using our smart and innovative system of recycling plastic and agriculture waste for agriculture use. The plastic waste was reused as a planting container and rice husk, rice ash and manure was used as plant growth media. The aim of the project with SHI was:

• To improve gardening by using materials that are local and can be adopted by families.
• Reduce plastic waste pollution by providing an alternative use for plastics.
• Increase the consumption of vegetables and meat (protein).
• Create a profitable business out of this practice of gardening.
• Receive professional training to face the business world after national service.

Naturally, we experienced some challenges with our system such as leaching and pest infestation. Support from SHI staff at the AED helped us improve our system by using a wicking capillary irrigation system, which ensures 100% water efficiency and 0% water loss. It is also a 0% water spill system which increases the cleanliness of the system.

Learning Alongside Self-Help 

Time with the Agriculture and Entrepreneur Development (AED) team at Self-Help taught us so many lessons in application of agriculture practices, capacity building, and effective information sharing (and lots of fun!).

Several field visits with the AED staff and training sessions with Self-Help International clients exposed us to the world of a social entrepreneur and farmer. We have come to realize, through contact with farmers and students that information is useless if it is not shared, the least of information can bring change and laughter and that there is no greater joy than serving humanity. 

In reflecting on our roles in disseminating information to fellow farmers, Justice shares, “What makes me do what I do is that people laugh and I feel happy when I see them listening and think I have special knowledge to impact to them.” 

Outside of the practical agriculture information and application, we took courses from SHI staff focused on building our capacity on how to grow a business. We engaged in lessons on marketing, financial planning, report writing, and record keeping, to name a few. The most enjoyable part of this training were the times we were led through hands on activities. The program stresses learning by practice.

Grateful for the Experience

Often times graduates are forced to choose jobs based off of what is available and guaranteed versus for their joy and fulfillment in doing what they truly love to do. And especially as graduates with entrepreneurial passion, we are faced with a big question of how to start and finance our business even if we do acquire the appropriate training. 

We had so much faith in the Graduate Entrepreneur Program, it was an answer to our prayers. We felt alive and knew our dreams and passion of becoming an agriculture entrepreneur had a great chance to survive with a program like the GEP. Our dream lives because Self-Help International believed in us and the future of agriculture graduates.

We are eager to practice all the work with the knowledge we have as entrepreneurs that we gained through the GEP. We are confident of the success of our enterprises. 

In the future, reports to this project on GlobalGiving will focus on our agriculture and youth extention work. Follow update about the Graduate Entreprenuer Program here: https://www.globalgiving.org/projects/agripreneurs/

Full names of GEP graduates are used with permission.

Rabbit farming is a profitable business venture that is gaining recognition throughout Ghana and around the world. It is one of the “trendy” agribusiness ideas from which people can earn a lot of money. It is also very easy to start up because it requires only a little bit of capital, time, labor, and space. Demand for rabbit meat is also increasing due to its reputation for having a higher amount of digestible protein and a lower amount of fat and cholesterol than other meat available in Ghana. 

In addition to meat production, rabbits can be used for other income sources. For example, rabbit urine can be used by farmers as an insecticide and a fertilizer; rabbit skin and fur can be used in the production of clothes; and a rabbit’s droppings can be used as food for tilapia for farmers with fish ponds. 

Looking at how lucrative this business venture is, it became a priority for Self-Help International’s Young Adult Training Center to offer hands-on training in raising rabbits to its clients. However, there were some challenges.

In February 2018, there was only one female rabbit, and she had been labeled as a “bad mother” due to her inability to care for her babies on four different occasions. Initially, Self-Help made the decision to sell her; but, the Agricultural Entrepreneurship Development (AED) team reassessed the situation and saw the inability of the mother rabbit to care for her babies as an opportunity to explore possible solutions. The thought was that learning from the mother could lead to new information to include in  training sessions and disseminate to rabbit farmers. 

The female rabbit was introduced to a male rabbit for mating, and she delivered seven bunnies, two of which died at birth. The remaining five babies were fed twice daily (once in the morning and once in the evening) by holding the female rabbit and allowing the bunnies to breastfeed. This process was done for a period of two to three weeks and all five bunnies survived. 

After two months, the female rabbit was once again introduced to a male rabbit in order to observe if there had been changes in the way she took care of her babies. The female rabbit gave birth to one baby bunny a month later, and the baby bunny was critically observed daily to see if the mother had been feeding it. The mother breastfed the bunny and took care of it without being held or forced.

Of the bunnies from her first litter, three of the five were also poor parents to their own offspring. The same process and approach was used on them to turn them into successful parents.

As of July 2019, the training center has 26 rabbits and counting from that one female rabbit tagged as a “bad mother.” This number could have been greater, but the training center was limited due to a lack of space for new rabbits.

In 2019 alone, the AED team has been able to train four new entrepreneurs to build their knowledge and skills on appropriate practices in rabbit rearing and all four have started with their business. Two existing farmers who were having a challenge with their rabbits giving birth have been assisted to overcome that challenge.