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Introduction

In 2014, LGBT Voice Tanzania undertook a critical survey project to understand the depth and nature of the human rights violations experienced by LGBTQ+ individuals in the country. Despite facing immense risks, we were committed to documenting these injustices in order to inform advocacy, guide interventions, and create solutions grounded in the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ people.

This project focused on five key regions: Mwanza, Arusha, Tanga, Morogoro, and Mbeya — areas where LGBTQ+ individuals are known to face significant challenges.

Methodology

The survey was conducted through confidential, anonymous interviews to ensure the safety and comfort of participants. A total of 123 LGBTQ+ individuals participated in the survey. Care was taken to create an environment of trust, with interviews held in safe, discreet locations.

Participants represented a diverse cross-section of the LGBTQ+ community, offering a rich, nuanced perspective on the realities they face daily.

Key Findings

1. Primary Violence: Unjust Arrests and Detention

One of the most alarming findings was the extent to which LGBTQ+ individuals are subjected to arbitrary arrests and detention by law enforcement authorities. Many respondents reported being targeted based on their perceived sexual orientation or gender identity, often without any lawful justification.

2. Family-Based Violence and Rejection

Families, who should be sources of support and protection, were instead frequently identified as a major source of violence and discrimination. Many participants shared heart-wrenching stories of being disowned, physically attacked, and emotionally abused by their relatives. This rejection often leaves individuals homeless, isolated, and vulnerable to further societal abuses.

3. Discrimination in Education

The education system was revealed to be particularly hostile. A significant number of participants reported being expelled from schools and colleges once their LGBTQ+ identity became known. There is a complete lack of institutional support, creating barriers to education and future employment opportunities for LGBTQ+ youth.

Project Impact: New Services Introduced

In direct response to the findings of this survey, LGBT Voice Tanzania took immediate action by launching three critical services to address the needs identified:

1. Legal Aid Program

We established a legal aid service that offers free support to LGBTQ+ individuals facing violence, discrimination, and especially unlawful arrest. Through this initiative, victims can access skilled legal advocates who are trained in human rights defense and understand the unique vulnerabilities of the LGBTQ+ community.

2. Trauma Counseling and Safe Spaces

Recognizing the psychological toll of sustained violence and rejection, we initiated trauma counseling services. We created safe spaces in various regions where LGBTQ+ individuals can find refuge, receive emotional support, and rebuild a sense of community. These safe spaces have become critical havens for mental health and healing.

3. Emergency Shelter and Relocation Support

We also launched a temporary safe shelter program for LGBTQ+ individuals in immediate danger. The shelter provided emergency housing and support while assisting individuals in relocating to safer environments. However, despite its vital role, the shelter was forced to shut down after the government deemed it "unacceptable." This closure highlights the continuing hostility of state institutions and underscores the urgent need for discreet, sustainable models of safe housing for the community.

Lessons Learned

• The Need for Discretion: Initiatives such as shelters must be designed with even greater confidentiality to avoid government interference.

• Holistic Support Is Crucial: Legal aid, mental health services, and safe housing must be offered together to meet the multi-layered needs of LGBTQ+ individuals.

• Community-Led Advocacy Works: Solutions must be designed with LGBTQ+ individuals at the center, led by people who understand the realities firsthand.

Conclusion and Way Forward

The survey illuminated both the deep-seated violence faced by LGBTQ+ individuals in Tanzania and the incredible resilience within the community. While the challenges are grave, the actions sparked by this survey demonstrate that change is possible.

Moving forward, LGBT Voice Tanzania is committed to expanding our legal aid and counseling programs, finding creative ways to offer emergency housing, and advocating tirelessly for a Tanzania where LGBTQ+ individuals can live openly, safely, and with pride.

We thank every individual that supported the implimentation of this project and those who bravely shared their stories with us — your voices are the foundation of change.

Together, we will continue to fight for a just, inclusive future.